UPSC CSE Answer Key Prelims 2022

80. Which one of the following best describes the term “greenwashing” ?
Conveying a false impression that a company’s products are eco-friendly and environmentally sound
Non-inclusion of ecological/environmental costs in the Annual Financial Statements of a country
Ignoring the disastrous ecological consequences while undertaking infrastructure development
Making mandatory provisions for environmental costs in a government project/programme

Answer: A
Greenwashing is the process of conveying a false impression or providing misleading information about how a company’s products are more environmentally sound. Greenwashing is considered an unsubstantiated claim to deceive consumers into believing that a company’s products are environmentally friendly.
https://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/greenwashing-is-an-elusive-csr-attempt/1332364/

81. Consider the following statements :
High clouds primarily reflect solar radiation and cool the surface of the Earth.
Low clouds have a high absorption of infrared radiation emanating from the Earth’s surface and thus cause a warming effect.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2

Answer D
https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/Clouds#:~:text=Low%2C%20thick%20clouds%20primarily%20reflect,the%20surface%20of%20the%20Earth.
Low, thick clouds primarily reflect solar radiation and cool the surface of the Earth. High, thin clouds primarily transmit incoming solar radiation; at the same time, they trap some of the outgoing infrared radiation emitted by the Earth and radiate it back downward, thereby warming the surface of the Earth.

82. Consider the following statements:
Bidibidi is a large refugee settlement in north-western Kenya.
Some people who fled from the South Sudan civil war live in Bidibidi.
Some people who fled from the civil war in Somalia live in the Dadaab refugee complex in Kenya.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1 and 2
2 only
2 and 3
3 only

Answer: C

Bidibidi Refugee Settlement is a refugee camp in northwestern Uganda. With over 270,000 South Sudanese refugees fleeing the ongoing civil war, as of early 2017 it was the largest refugee settlement in the world.
People fleeing South Sudan’s brutal civil war have streamed across the border to Uganda, where the Bidi Bidi camp now hosts more than 270000
The Dadaab refugee complex has a population of 218,873 registered refugees and asylum seekers as at the end of July 2020. Dadaab refugee complex consists of three camps.
The first camp was established in 1991, when refugees fleeing the civil war in Somalia started to cross the border into Kenya. A second large influx occurred in 2011, when some 130,000 refugees arrived, fleeing drought and famine in southern Somalia.

83. Consider the following countries
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Croatia
Romania
Uzbekistan
Which of the above are members of the Organization of Turkic States?
1, 2 and 4
1 and 3
2 and 5
3, 4 and 5

Answer: C

84. Consider the following statements
Gujarat has the largest solar park in India.
Kerala has a fully solar powered International Airport.
Goa has the largest floating solar photovoltaic project in India.
Which of the statements given below is/are correct?
1 and 2
2 only
1 and 3
3 only

Answer B
India’s Bhadla Solar Park is the largest solar power park in the world. Bhadla Solar Park is located in Bhadla, a dry and sandy region in Rajasthan, and spans 14,000 acres. There are over 10 million solar panels at the park, which contribute to an operational capacity of 2245MW.
https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/worlds-largest-solar-park-in-bhadla-india/article37462665.ece
Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) has successfully commissioned India’s largest Floating Solar PV plant. Located at NTPC Simhadri in Andhra Pradesh, the 25 MW floating SPV project covers an area of 100 acres.
https://www.livemint.com/industry/energy/indias-largest-floating-solar-power-plant-commissioned-in-andhra-pradesh-11631774123853.html

Cochin International Airport Ltd (CIAL) — the airport operator which owns the world’s first airport fully powered by solar energy.
https://www.indiatimes.com/news/india/kochi-airport-more-solar-power-with-floating-solar-plant-532356.html

85. With reference to the United Nations Convention on the Law of Sea, consider the following statements:
A coastal state has the right to establish the breadth of its territorial sea up to a limit not exceeding 12 nautical miles, measured from baseline determined in accordance with the convention.
Ships of all states, whether coastal or land-locked, enjoy the right of innocent passage through the territorial sea.
The Exclusive Economic Zone shall not extend beyond 200 nautical miles from the baseline from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3

Answer: D
Every State has the right to establish the breadth of its territorial sea up to a limit not exceeding 12 nautical miles, measured from baselines determined in accordance with this Convention.
Subject to this Convention, ships of all States, whether coastal or land-locked, enjoy the right of innocent passage through the territorial sea.
An “exclusive economic zone,” or “EEZ” is an area of the ocean, generally extending 200 nautical miles (230 miles) beyond a nation’s territorial sea, within which a coastal nation has jurisdiction over both living and nonliving resources.

86. Which one of the following statements best reflects the issue which Senkaku Islands, sometimes mentioned in the news?
It is generally believed that they are artificial islands made by a country around South China Sea.
China and Japan engage in maritime disputes over these islands in East China Sea
A permanent American military base has been set up there to help Taiwan to increase its defence capabilities.
Through International Courts of Justice declared them as no man’s land, some South-East Asian countries claim them.

Answer: B

87. Consider the following pairs

Country	Important reason for being in the news recently
1. Chad	Setting up of permanent military base by China
2. Guinea	Suspension of Constitution and Government by military
3. Lebanon	Severe and prolonged economic depression
4. Tunisia	Suspension of Parliament by President

How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
Only one pair
Only two pairs
Only three pairs
All four Pairs

Answer: C

Military base is established by China in Djibouti and not in Chad. Other three are correctly matched.

88. Consider the following pairs :

Region often mentioned, in the news	Country
1. Anatolia	Turkey
2.  Amhara	Ethiopia
3. Cabo Delgado	Spain
4. Catalonia	Italy

How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
Only one pair
Only two pairs
Only three pairs
All four pairs

Answer: B
Anatolia, also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula in Western Asia and the westernmost protrusion of the Asian continent. It constitutes the major part of modern-day Turkey.
Amharas are a Semitic-speaking ethnic group which is indigenous to Ethiopia, traditionally inhabiting parts of the northwest Highlands of Ethiopia, particularly inhabiting the Amhara Region.
Cabo Delgado is the northernmost province of Mozambique.
Catalonia is an autonomous community of Spain, designated as a nationality by its Statute of Autonomy.

89. With reference to Indian laws about wildlife protection, consider the following statements:
Wild animals are the sole property of the government.
When a wild animal is declared protected, such animal is entitled for equal protection whether it is found in protected areas or outside.
Apprehension of a protected wild animal becoming a danger to human life is sufficient ground for its capture or killing.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1 and 2
2 only
1 and 3
3 only

Answer: C
In a significant verdict, the Bombay High Court has ruled that wild animals including tiger should be treated as “government property for all purposes”.
https://zeenews.india.com/news/eco-news/treat-wild-animals-as-govt-property-for-all-purposes_769840.html

90. Certain species of which one of the following organisms are well known as cultivators of fungi?
Ant
Cockroach
Crab
Spider

Answer: A
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/how-ants-became-worlds-best-fungus-farmers-180962871/

91. Consider the following pairs :

Site of Ashoka’s major rock edicts	Location in the State of
1. Dhauli	Odisha
2. Erragudi	Andhra Pradesh
3. Jaugada	Madhya Pradesh
4. Kalsi	Karnataka

How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
Only one pair
Only two pairs
Only three pairs
All four pairs

Answer: B
Dhauli is located in Odisha.
Erragudi or Yerragudi is located in Andhra Pradesh
Jaugada is located in Odisha.
Kalsi is located in Uttarakhand.

Among the Persian translations was one by Nizamuddin Panipati commissioned during Emperor Akbar’s reign in the late 16th century CE for Prince Salim (later Emperor Jehangir).

92. Consider the following pairs:

King	Dynasty
1. Nannuka	Chandela
2. Jayashakti	Paramara
3. Nagabhata II	Gurjara-Pratihara
4. Bhoja	Rashtrakuta

How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
Only one pair
Only two pairs
Only three pairs
All four pairs

Answer: B
Correct Pair:

King	Dynasty
1.Nannuka	Chandela
2. Jayashakti	Chandela
3.nagabhata II	Gurjara-Pratihara
4. Bhoja	Paramara

93. Which one of the following statements about Sangam literature in ancient South India is correct ?
Sangam poems are devoid of any reference to material culture.
The social classification of Varna was known to Sangam poets.
Sangam poems have no references to warrior ethic.
Sangam literature refers to magical forces as irrational.

Answer: B
Tolkappiyam refers to the Five-fold division of lands – Kurinji (hilly tracks), Mullai (pastoral), Marudam (agricultural), Neydal (coastal) and Palai (desert).
Tolkappiyam also refers to four castes namely arasar(Ruling Class), anthanar, vanigar(carried on trade and commerce) and vellalar(Agriculturists).
Pathinenkilkanakku contains eighteen works about ethics and morals. The most important among these works is Tirukkural authored by Thiruvalluvar, the tamil great poet and philosopher.

94. “Yogavasistha” was translated into Persian by Nizamuddin Panipati during the reign of:
Akbar
Humayun
Shahjahan
Aurangzeb

Answer: A

95. The world’s second tallest statue in sitting pose of Ramanuja was inaugurated by the Prime Minister of India at Hyderabad recently. Which one of the following statements correctly represents the, teachings of Ramanuja?
The best means of salvation was devotion.
Vedas are eternal, self-existent and wholly authoritative.
Logical arguments were essential means for the highest bliss.
Salvation was to be obtained through meditation.

Answer: A
The below screenshot confirms that the teachings of Ramanuja (one of the foremost person who laid down the Bhakti worship) encouraged devotions to be linked into salvation.

 

96. The Prime Minister recently inaugurated the new Circuit House near Somnath Temple at Veraval. Which of the following statements are correct regarding Somnath Temple ?
Somnath Temple is one of the Jyotirlinga shrines.
A description of Somnath Temple was given by Al-Biruni.
Pran Pratishtha of Somnath Temple (installation of the present day temple) was done by President S. Radhakrishnan.
Select the correct answer using the code given below :
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3

Answer: A

97. Which one of the following statements best describes the role of B cells and T cells in the human body ?
They protect the body from environmental allergens.
They alleviate the body’s pain and inflammation
They act as immunosuppressants in the body.
They protect the body from diseases caused by pathogens.

Answer: D
T cells can wipe out infected or cancerous cells. They also direct the immune response by helping B lymphocytes to eliminate invading pathogens. B cells create antibodies. B lymphocytes, also called B cells, create a type of protein called an antibody.
https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/t-cells–b-cells-and-the-immune-system.h00-159465579.html

98. Consider the following statements:
Other than those made by humans, nanoparticles do not exist in nature.
Nanoparticles of some metallic oxides are used in the manufacture of some cosmetics.
Nanoparticles of some commercial products which enter the environment are unsafe for humans.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1 only
3 only
1 and 2
2 and 3

Answer: D
https://www.azonano.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=4837
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350646023_Metal_and_metal_oxide_nanoparticles_in_cosmetics_and_skin_care_products

99. Consider the following statements:
DNA Barcoding can be a tool to :
assess the age of a plant or animal.
distinguish among species that look alike.
identify undesirable animal or plant materials in processed foods.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1 only
3 only
1 and 2
2 and 3

Answer: D
https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/8/1/2/pdf

100. Consider the following
Carbon monoxide
Nitrogen oxide
Ozone
Sulphur dioxide
Excess of which of the above in the environment is/are cause(s) of acid rain?
1, 2 and 3
2 and 4 only
4 only
1, 3 and 4

Answer: B

Acid rain refers to the ways in which acid from the atmosphere is deposited on the earth’s surface. Oxides of nitrogen and sulphur which are acidic in nature can be blown by wind along with solid particles in the atmosphere and finally settle down either on the ground as dry deposition or in water, fog and snow as wet deposition. 

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