State best Practices, Notes by UPSC Topper Ravisankar Sarma

 

SectorStateName of Project Method UsedBenefit
Child ProtectionOdishaSamparkSchool student helpline

1. Brought accountability in the education system

2. Reduced teacher absenteeism

3. Platform to voice corporal punishment, and sexual abuse concerns

Number of calls received have increased over years

EducationGujaratMigration Card + monitoring
software
The card contains education details of the child + makeshift schools (Tent Special Training Programme) in construction locations for inter-state migrant children

helped increase retention under elementary education of children who migrate with parents looking for

seasonal employment and reduce the drop-out rates of girls in primary education.

 Chhattisgarh
(LWE areas)
Pota CabinsBuilding residential schools with impermanent materials like bamboo and plywood

1.  Schools cannot be used as LWE hideouts + students safer there.

2. The number of out-of-school children in the 6-14 years age group reduced and enrolment and retention have increased from 2011

 Madhya PradeshPrathibha ParvRegular assessment for students and facilities in government schools

1.Better quality of education

2.Better attendance rates

3. Better infrastructure due to continuous monitoring

 Andhra PradeshSaakshar BharatAdult Education

1. Rise in enrolment from 2011

2. Reduction of gender disparity

EnvironmentChennaiAvadi Sewage Treatment PlantSewage treatment plant + water used for kitchen garden

1. It treats 12 lakh litres of sewage every day with no negative discharge

2. produces manure

3. recharges groundwater

4. Provide water for kitchen garden

5. Removes the source of foul odour and waterborne diseases

 SikkimDhara Vikasdevelop a cadre of para-hydro-geologists + develop spring sheds + rainwater harvesting + laying down trenches with MGNREGA workers in ideal recharge locations using information provided by these geologists

1.  Increased irrigation has encouraged farmers to cultivate new crops such as beans, radish, chilly+ perennial garden fruits

etc (diversification, not just dry crops anymore).

2. 15% increase in crop yield obtained

3.  recharge lakes, spring

4.  Reforestation

5. Creation of a spring atlas with relevant hydro-geology information of the area

 Andaman & NicobarEnvironment Management
Initiative

1.       Rainwater harvesting,

2.       effluent treatment plant,

3.       solid waste management,

4.       paper and jute recycling

1.   Nearly half of the institute campus’ water requirement is being met through rainwater harvesting.

2. The paper recycling plant produces 500 file folders every semester

3. Reduction of solid waste

 KarnatakaForest Produce
Tracking System

Real time tracking of what is extracted, from where, by whom, what purpose through a web-portal. Also

printed Transit Passes with QR codes and watermarks which are automatically verified at check posts- faster clearance

1.  Easier tracking

2. Improves transparency – reduces corrupt practices

3. Elimination of paper trail- increases efficiency

 MeghalayaIntegrated Basin Development and Livelihood
Promotion
Programme
Identification, Training and capacity building, credit linkage and supply chain development for entrepreneurs in selected sectors

1. Inclusive growth

2.  Entrepreneurial promotion

3  Increased access to stakeholders

 Mansagar(Rajasthan)Lake Restoration

Passing water through a natural filter(bunds) + two chambers of vegetation + dredging to increase lake depth+ use of dredged mud to create embankments + sewage treatment plants

PPP model

Revived the lake and local ecosystem+ source of income generation
 Kaikondrahalli
(Karnataka)
Lake Restoration

Stopped encroachment, diverted sewage, de-weeded and de-silted the lake, thus increasing depth and thus storage capacity by 54%, created embankments, afforestation, creation of a separate pond for religious activities, construction of pathways and other recreational amenities

Local community + BBMP

Revived the lake and local ecosystem+ source of income generation
 KeralaMazhapolimaRooftop rainwater harvesting + open well recharge

1. Generation of public interest and awareness leading to self installation without government subsidy

2. Groundwater recharging

 DelhiSAFAR- System
of Air quality Forecasting And Research
provide location-specific information on air quality in near real time and its forecast 1-3 days in advance in major metropolitan cities such as Delhi and Pune.

1. Awareness

2. Forecast of weather extremities

3.  Data for environmental and health studies

4.  Help improve crop yields through impact assessment

 Himachal PradeshSustainable Plastic Waste Management PlanBan on use of plastic + use it in road construction

1.  Cleaner environment

2.  Reuse of plastic

3. Community awareness

Financial InclusionJharkhandPanchayat Bankse-government facilities centre + bank with basic financial services + government scheme payment(MGNREGA, scholarships ec), constructed and operated by local entrepreneurs

1.  Financial inclusion

2.  Creation of local entrepreneurs + source of livelihood

3.  Increase household savings

4.  Reduce systemic leakages and increase transparency

Food Security and PDSArunachal PradeshArun e-PDSDigitisation of PDS+ ration card + foodgrain requirement tracking through coupons issued for the year + tracking for intermediate supplychains(transfer from FCIs to FPS etc)

1.  Reduce pilferage of foodgrains

2. Detection of ghost ration cards

3.  Inclusion of more deserving people in the system

 New DelhiDilli Annashree
yojana
Identify vulnerables(location, social or occupational) in the location and transfer amount of PDS benefit directly to beneficiary bank account(beneficiary = eldest woman of household)

1.  Gender sensitive

2. Food security to the vulnerable, who lack even documentation to avail other benefits like TPDS or AAY

 Madhya Pradeshe-UparjanDigitise procurement of foodgrains and track daily procurement amount depending on available storage

1. Create a decision support system to track how much to be procured in a day

2. transparency

HealthKeralaArogyakeralam Palliative Care ProjectFree, home-based palliative care by trained nurses + special cases referred to hospitals + training to ASHAs and ANMsPalliative care, number of beneficiaries have increased over the years
 SikkimCATCH-
Comprehensive
Annual and
Total Health
Check-up for
Healthy Sikkim
periodic health check-ups free of cost for all + follow ups for complex ailments + counselling for healthy lifestyle + individual health cards (barcoded smart cards containing detailed health profile)

1. Improving health and access to healthcare

2. Healthier lifestyle adoption and reduction in consumption of of harmful materials like tobacco, alcohol, sugar etc

 OdishaDecentralisation of ICDS supplementary Nutrition ProgrammeAll procurement except rice and wheat are carried out locally at the village level + Pre-decided menu chart+ e-transfers mandatory for all funds+ community monitoring through Jaanch Committees+ removing contractors and involging more SHGs

1. Prevent pilferage of food and funds

2. Check on quality and quantity by Anganwadi Workers and SHGs

3.Reduce spoilage of food resulting from storage for 1-3 months

4. Pre-decided menu to help in monitoring

5. Livelihood opportunities for SHGs

6. Increase community participation

 HaryanaIndira Bal Swasthya YojanaScreen children accessing public health and education facilities for diseases, disabilities and deficiencies and refer them for follow-up treatments – free of cost

1. Preventive treatments

2. Discovery of health risks

 KarnatakaKIDROP

Tele-opthalmology to tackle infant blindness, caused by Retinopathy of Prematurity(ROP) with the help of trained technicians and digital equipment to treat premature infants in remote areas-  free or highly subsidised

PPP model

1.  Cure blindness at an early age

2.  Reaching out to remote areas due to use of technology

 OdishaMo MasariDistribution of Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets(LLIN) to pregnant women, childrenPrevention of malaria (immunity of pregnant women to malaria significantly reduces)
 AssamNRHM – MAMATAprovide baby kits with essentials to mothers who stay on at health facilities for 48 hours after delivery to receive post-partum caretarget MMR by incentivizing institutionalized births and staying on for 48 hours more
  NRHM – MOROMcash incentives to in-patients at public health facilitiesHelps daily wage workers who lose out on their wages for the day
  NRHM- Nutrition Counselling cum Management Centres (NCMCs)to augment the reach at peripheral locations and efficacy of the existing Nutrition Rehabilitation Centres (NRCs) in screening and treating issues of Severe Acute Malnourishment(SAM) in children under the age of 5 years

Accessible health services

Utilisation has grown over the years

Infrastructure and DevelopmentMysoreIntelligent Transport SystemDynamic real time tracking and information of bus routes, schedules to passengersGreater commuter satisfaction, safety, increased use of public transport, lesser pollution and traffic
Local GovernancePunjab24 x 7 Metered WaterMetering water consumption for judicious use + tele-calling beneficiaries for feedback collectionWater conservation
 BiharEntitlement-Based District Planning(EBDP)educate district officials and PRI representatives on various schemes and statutory provisions they are entitled to from various sources + collect requirements from community directly – help with planning and formulating policies

1. Gaps in existing central schemes identified and these gaps were saturated by making suitable state level schemes eg: complementing PMGSY with Chief Minister GSY

2.Helps in policy planning.

3. Highlight those needs that are not covered by any current policy to help with creation of future policies

4. Reassessment of conflicting policies

5. Determine the appropriate use of untied funds for districts and lower level of administration

Social SecurityAndhra PradeshAam Aadmi
Bima Yojna
Life insurance coverage of partial and permanent disability to a designated family member + scholarships to two children in the family of the deceased/disabled insurance holder from 9th to 12th grade -for rural landless labourersReduction of time taken for reporting and claim settlement (as the agents are incentivised on the basis of claims submitted within a specified number of days)
 Uttar PradeshDaliya Jalao

Conversion of dry toilets to pour flush toilets to achieve better sanitation and health.

Proactive steps for their rehabilitation through existing government schemes such as pension schemes, special scholarships for children, rural housing schemes, loans and skill upgradation training.

Those leaving scavenging will be prioritised for government schemes like MGNREGA etc

1. Increase in sanitation

2. Liberation and rehabilitation of manual scavengers- dignity of life

3. Improvement in their health- reduction of polio, diarrhoea and other sicknesses

 TripuraForest Rights Act,
2006
To grant the tribal population legal rights to the forest land they inhabit + provide economic benefits to these patta holders like MGNREGA, seeds, nurseries, silkworms etc from line departments(Agri, fisheries, forest, horticulture, handloom, sericulture etc)Alternate incomes due to the economic benefits
 Jammu and
Kashmir
Himayat

Sector-wise identification of initiatives for growth and employment generation and current relevant skills(provided by companies)

+ market-relevant skill development by Project Implementing Agency(PIA) + placement (both inside and outside the state)

+post-placement tracking and support(both monetary and otherwise) to ensure that trainees are able to adjust to work life, accommodation in new cities, bank account opening etc

1. High placement rate and growth

2. Exposure to other cultures, work and integration with other states

3. Greater confidence and independence for individuals- communication skills

4. Reduction of unemployed youth turning to militant activities

5. Higher retention rate due to post-placement support provided

 Madhya PradeshSamarpanTrained Anganwadi workers and ASHAs screen the children to identify developmental delays and birth defects for children under 5 + follow up by expertsEarly identification of disabilities + providing treatment, increased social and family acceptance
Water and SanitationGujaratCommunity Managed Water Supply ProgrammeEnsuring quality drinking water through community-specific constructions undertaken by Pani Samitis

Accessible, affordable, sustainable water  + quality

Human development benefits- women free to pursue other tasks rather than going long distances to collect water

 JharkhandOpen Defecation Free VillagesConstruction of functional toilets in every householdsanitation
Women EmpowermentMaharashtraGhar Doghaanche AbhiyanJoint ownership of husband and wife of propertySense of security + financial independence+ ability to resist domestic abuse
 MaharashtraOrganic Rice
Production by
System of Rice Intensification

Use of modern agri tech, improve the quantity and quality of agri produce from less amount of seeds.

Mahila Arthik Vikas Mahamandal (MAVIM) also conduct practical classes on the preparation of soil bed, vermin composting, preparation of pesticides and organic fertilisers, use of conoweeder (reduced required labour power), using the separated out weeds to make organic fertilisers, ways to tackle crop diseases etc

1. Reduction in production cost by 30% but higher market prices achieved due to branding and marketing of products under Tejaswini brand of MAVIM

2. Reduction in women’s drudgery due to mechanisation

3. Women empowered in decision making as they are the primary stakeholders in the SRI methodology


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