Pobitora wildlife sanctuary
Pobitora wildlife sanctuary Pobitora Wild Life Sanctuary is located in the banks of Brahmaputra in Assam. It is declared as wild life sanctuary in 1987. It has grassland and wetland topography. The sanctuary host Indian one-horned rhinos, wild boars, water buffalo and golden jackals. Pobitora has exceeded its rhino-bearing capacity and is overpopulated. The animals have begun moving outside the sanctuary in search of food, and chances of serious man-animal conflict are quite rife. Under Rhino Vision 2020 rhinos are translocations to Manas National Park. Read Also Kanjli Wetland Rhino Vision 2020 Indian Rhino Vision 2020 is an ambitious effort to attain a wild population of at least 3,000 greater one-horned rhinos spread over seven protected areas in the Indian state of Assam by the year 2020. The programme was launched in 2005. It is a joint programme of the Department of Environment & Forests, Govt of Assam, WWF India, the International Rhino Foundation and the US fish & wildlife service. The programme achieved its target and the animal shrugged off its ‘endangered’ tag once its population crossed the 2000 mark. Read also Nandur Madhameshwar Enroll today with the best civils service academy and take your first step towards your Civils journey. Feel free to reach out to us for any inquiries, collaborations, or support. We’re here to help. join now
Do we need a fiscal council ?
Do we need a fiscal council? Fiscal councils are independent agencies with a mandate to assess fiscal policies, rules and performance of government. Functions improves democratic accountability by fostering transparency. discourages populism and opportunistic shift in fiscal policy ( e.g, pre-electoral spending spree ). provides direct inputs to budget process thereby closing budget slippage. enhance public awareness about the government’s revenue and expenditure by independent analysis and forecasts and raise the reputation as the electoral cost of unsound policies and broken commitments. The fiscal council promotes fiscal policies consistent with the objective of fiscal sustainability, predictability and macroeconomic stability. Recommendations for Fiscal council in India 13th and 14th Finance commission advocated the establishment of independent fiscal agencies to review the government’s adherence to fiscal rules and to provide independent assessments of budget proposals. In 2017, the N.K. Singh committee on the review of fiscal rules set up by the finance ministry suggested the creation of an independent fiscal council that would provide forecasts and advise the government on whether conditions exist for deviation from the mandated fiscal rules. In 2018, the D.K. Srivastava committee on fiscal statistics established by the National Statistical Commission (NSC) also suggested the establishment of a fiscal council that could co-ordinate with all levels of government to provide harmonized fiscal statistics across governmental levels and provide an annual assessment of overall public sector borrowing requirements. Read United Nations Economic and Social Council Why India needs a Fiscal Council ? In India, there is historically a case of budget mismanagement and consistently poor budget forecasting. Research suggests that countries with independent fiscal councils tend to produce relatively more accurate budget forecasts and stick better to fiscal rules. Issues of fiscal profligacy and populism widening fiscal deficits in India could be overseen. A fiscal council will act as watchdog & prevent the government from gaming the fiscal rules through creative accounting. Why India does not need a Fiscal Council ? Creation of a fiscal council leads to duplication of work. As of now, both the Central Statistics Office (CSO) and RBI give forecasts of growth and other macroeconomic variables, It would lead to undermining the authority of the Finance Ministry and diluting its accountability. Presently macroeconomic forecasts and budget estimates are made by the finance ministry. There are existing mechanisms for fiscal discipline under the FRBM Act, 2003. 2021 GS Paper 1 Question Paper Way forward indeed the creation adds value to the existing mechanism. But at first, a political will to keep fiscal displace and better budget management practice and full implementation of existing laws and mechanisms are important. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=73GQ33Lr3Gc Enroll today with the best civils service academy and take your first step towards your Civils journey. Feel free to reach out to us for any inquiries, collaborations, or support. We’re here to help. join now
UPSC Civil Services Exam Result 2019
UPSC Civil Services Exam Result 2019 Civils360 IAS bags outstanding result in Civil Service Examination 2019, With the exceptional turnout. we prove once again our credibility and quality of coaching. Soon we will arrange an interactive session with all our toppers and let the RESULT SPEAK FOR ITSELF. 👏 Thanks all for the support and believing in us in your arduous journey towards success. UPSC Civil Service Full Results 2019 PDF DOWNLOAD Enroll today with the best civils service academy and take your first step towards your Civils journey. Feel free to reach out to us for any inquiries, collaborations, or support. We’re here to help. join now
Prelims 2020 General Studies question paper
Prelims 2020 General Studies question paper Download PDF UPSC Prelims 2020 GS1 Questions And Answer Key Enroll today with the best civils service academy and take your first step towards your Civils journey. Feel free to reach out to us for any inquiries, collaborations, or support. We’re here to help. JOIN NOW
Draft Environment Impact Assessment 2020
Definition: EIA Environment Impact Assessment or EIA can be defined as the study to predict the effect of a proposed developmental/infrastructure project on the environment. As a decision-making tool, EIA compares various alternatives for a project and seeks to identify the one which represents the best combination of economic and environmental costs and benefits.EIA systematically examines both beneficial and adverse consequences of a project and ensures that these effects are taken in account in project design. It proposes mitigation measures and predicts whether there will be significant adverse environmental consequences even after the mitigation measures. Benefits of EIA Protection of the environment. Optimum utilisation of resources. Saving of time and cost of the project. Lessens conflicts by promoting community participation. Lay base for environmentally sound projects promoting sustainable development. Evolution in India Started in 1976-77 when the Planning Commission asked the Department of Science and Technology to examine the river-valley projects from an environmental angle but was a purely administrative decision. The Bhopal gas tragedy led to the enactment of Environment (Protection) Act 1986. In 1994, the Union Ministry of Environment and Forests (MEF), under the Environmental (Protection) Act 1986, promulgated an EIA notification making Environmental Clearance (EC) mandatory for expansion or modernisation of any activity or for setting up new projects. In 2006, new notification for EIA legislation was made making Environment Clearance mandatory for various projects such as mining, thermal power plants, river valley, infrastructure (road, highway, ports, harbours and airports) and industries Draft Environment Impact Assessment report 2020 was issued for public consultation. Process of EIA Screening: First stage of EIA, which determines whether the proposed project, requires an EIA and if it does, then the level of assessment required. Scoping: This stage identifies the key issues and impacts that should be further investigated. This stage also defines the boundary and time limit of the study. Impact analysis: This stage of EIA identifies and predicts the likely environmental and social impact of the proposed project and evaluates the significance. Mitigation: This step in EIA recommends the actions to reduce and avoid the potential adverse environmental consequences of development activities. Reporting: This stage presents the result of EIA in a form of a report to the decision-making body and other interested parties. Review of EIA: It examines the adequacy and effectiveness of the EIA report and provides the information necessary for decision-making. Decision-making: It decides whether the project is rejected, approved or needs further change. Post monitoring: This stage comes into play once the project is commissioned. It checks to ensure that the impacts of the project do not exceed the legal standards and implementation of the mitigation measures are in the manner as described in the EIA report. Read Also Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Draft Environment Impact Assessment notification 2020 Concerns While delay in project clearance due to requirements of EIA leads to red tape and rent-seeking, the proposal to bolster discretionary power of government with regards to project clearance is a regressive step. The EIA new draft 2020 allows post-facto clearance. This means that even if a project has come up without environment safeguards or without getting environment clearances, it could carry out operation under the provision of the new draft EIA 2020. Draft EIA reduces the space available for public participation, thereby abandoning public trust. Public reporting of violations may not be taken into cognisance, instead, rely on suo moto revelations by the violator. Expanded the list of projects under an exemption under various sections further dilute the law. The draft EIA notification needs wider consultations and progressive changes to lay the base for environmentally sound projects promoting sustainable development. Enroll today with the best civils service academy and take your first step towards your Civils journey. Feel free to reach out to us for any inquiries, collaborations, or support. We’re here to help. join now
UPSC IAS Prelims 2020 GS Paper 1 Question Paper with Answer Key & Exam Paper Analysis
UPSC IAS Prelims 2020 GS Paper 1 Question Paper with Answer Key With reference to carbon nanotubes, consider the following statements : They can be used as carriers of drugs and antigens in the human body. They can be made into artificial blood capillaries for an injured part of human body. They can be used in biochemical sensors. Carbon nanotubes are biodegradable. Which of the statements given above are correct ? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2, 3 and 4 only (c) 1, 3 and 4 only (d)1, 2, 3 and 4 Answer: D 2. Consider the following activities : Spraying pesticides on a crop field Inspecting the craters of active volcanoes. Collecting breath samples from spouting whales for DNA analysis At the present level of technology, which of the above activities can be successfully carried out by using drones ? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d)1, 2 and 3 Answer D 3. “The experiment will employ a trio of spacecraft flying in formation in the shape of an equilateral triangle that has sides one million kilometres long, with lasers shining between the craft.” The experiment in question refers to (a) Voyager-2 (b) New Horizon (c) LISA Pathfinder (d) Evolved LISA Answer D 4. What is the importance of using ‘ Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines in India ? These vaccines are effective against pneumonia as well as meningitis and sepsis. 2. Dependence on antibiotics that are not effective against drug-resistant bacteria can be reduced. These vaccines have no side effects and cause no allergic reactions. Select the correct answer using the code given below : (a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only (c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Answer D 5. Consider the following statements : Genetic changes can be introduced in the cells that produce eggs or sperms of a prospective parent. A person’s genome can be edited before birth at the early embryonic stage. Human induced pluripotent stem cells can be injected into the embryo of a pig. Which of thc; statements given above is/are correct ? (a) 1 only’ (b) 2 and 3 only , (C) 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3.4 Answer B 6. In India, the term “Public Key Infrastructure” is used in the context of (a) Digital security infrastructure (b) Food security infrastructure (c) Health care and education infrastructure (d) Telecommunication and transportation infrastructure Answer A 7. Which of the following statements are correct regarding the general difference between plant and animal cells ? Plant cells have cellulose cell walls whilst animal cells do not. Plant cells do not have plasma membrane unlike animal cells which do • Mature plant cell has one large vacuole whilst an animal cell has many small vacuoles. Select the correct answer using the code given below : (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only , (c)1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Answer C 8. Which of the following are the reasons/factors for exposure to benzene pollution ? Automobile exhaust Tobacco smoke Wood burning Using varnished wooden furniture Using products made of polyurethane Select the correct answer using the code given below : (a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 2 and 4 only (c) 1, 3 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 Answer D 9. If another global financial crisis happens in the near future, which of the following actions/policies are most likely to give some immunity to India ? Not depending on short-term foreign borrowings Opening up to more foreign banks Maintaining full capital account convertibility Select the correct answer using the code given below : (a)1 only (b) 1 and 2 only (c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 Answer A 10. If you withdraw 1,00,000 in cash from your Demand Deposit Account at your bank, the immediate effect on aggregate money supply in the economy will be (a) to reduce it by 1,00,000 (b) to increase it by 1,00,000 (c) to increase it by more than 1,00,000 (d) to leave it unchanged Answer D 11. With reference to the cultural history of India, which one of the following is the correct description of the term ‘ paramitas’? (a) The earliest Dharmashastra texts written in aphoristic (sutra) style (b) Philosophical schools that did not accept the authority of Vedas (c) Perfections whose attainment led to the Bodhisattva path (d) Powerful merchant guilds of early Medieval South India Answer C 12. In the context Indian history, the Rakhmabai case of 1884 revolved around women’s right to gain education age of consent restitution of conjugal rights Select the correct answer using the code given below : (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 2 and 3 Answer B 13. Indigo cultivation in India Declined by the beginning of the 20th century because of (a) peasant resistance to the oppressive conduct of planters (b) its unprofitability in the world market because of new inventions (c) national leaders’ opposition to the cultivation of indigo d) Government control over the planters Answer B 14. Wellesley established the Fort William College at Calcutta becauge (a) ho was asked by the Board of Directors at London to do so (b) he wanted to revive interest in oriental learning in India (c) he wanted to provide William Carey and his associates with employment ; (d) he wanted to train British civilians for administrative purpose in India Answer D 15. With reference to the history of India, Ulgulan the Great Tumult is the description of which of the following events ? (a) The Revolt of 1857 (b) The Mappila Rebellion of 1921 (c) The Indigo Revolt of 1859-60 (d) Birsa Munda’s Revolt of 1899 — 1900 Answer D 16. With reference to the scholars/litterateurs of ancient India, consider the following statements: Panini is associated with Pushyamitra Shunga. Amarasimha is associated with Harshavardhanat Kalidasa is associated with Chandra Gupta –
LEMOA- Logistics Exchange Memorandum of Agreement
Logistics Exchange Memorandum of Agreement – LEMOA LEMOA, which stands for, the Logistics Exchange Memorandum of Agreement (LEMOA) is a tweaked India specific version of Logistics Support Agreement which the US has with several countries that have close military ties.˚˚ The pact gives both countries access to designated military facilities on either side for the purpose of refueling and replenishment in primarily four areas — port calls, joint exercises, training, and humanitarian assistance, and disaster relief. India and the U.S. already hold a large number of joint exercises during which payments are done each time, which is a long and tedious process. Now there is no need for a separate agreement. Indian Navy, which interacts and exercises the most with foreign Navies can benefit from the agreement. It is one of four foundational agreements with the USA. India has signed three of the four foundational or enabling agreements with the U.S. meant to improve interoperability between the militaries and allow the transfer of high-end military platforms. Four foundational agreements Foundational agreements are meant to build basic groundwork and promote interoperability between militaries by creating common standards and systems. They also guide sale and transfer of high-end technologies. General Security Of Military Information Agreement (GSOMIA), which is for information safety, was signed in 2002. COMCASA, an India-specific version of the Communication and Information on Security Memorandum of Agreement (CISMOA). LEMOA, which stands for, the Logistics Exchange Memorandum of Agreement (LEMOA) is a tweaked India specific version of Logistics Support Agreement Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement for Geo-spatial Cooperation (BECA), which facilitate the exchange of geospatial information between two countries both for military and civilian purposes. Enroll today with the best civils service academy and take your first step towards your Civils journey. Feel free to reach out to us for any inquiries, collaborations, or support. We’re here to help. join now
Unnat Bharat Abhiyan
Unnat Bharat Abhiyan Unnat Bharat Abhiyan is a scheme of government of India Ministry of Education with the objective of making higher educational institutions to work with the people of rural India in identifying development challenges and evolving appropriate solutions for accelerating sustainable growth. The scheme was first conceived by IIT Delhi. It aims to link the Higher Education Institutions with a set of at least (5) villages, so that these institutions can contribute to the economic and social betterment of these village communities using their knowledge base. While in the first stage only premier institute took part in the initiative, UBA 2.0 launched in 2018, will see open and wider participation of all institutions fulfilling certain criteria. It is expected to be a two-way learning process, where institutions share their knowledge with villages and also learn from the wisdom and common sense of rural folk. It create a virtuous cycle between society and an inclusive academic system by providing knowledge and practices for emerging professions while upgrading the capabilities of both the public and the private sectors in responding to the development needs of rural India. Enroll today with the best civils service academy and take your first step towards your Civils journey. Feel free to reach out to us for any inquiries, collaborations, or support. We’re here to help. join now
MainSure – Mains Test Series for UPSC IAS Exam
CIVILS360’s MAINSURE-2021 Aspirants preparing for the Civil Services Examination know that the real challenge lies in Mains Exam. Out of the total 2025 Marks in CSE, 1750 Marks are rewarded for Mains alone. The more the margin in which an aspirant clears the Mains, more is the chance for him/her to get into the top of the final rank list. No doubt, Mains is the crucial piece which everyone needs to master to come out with flyingcolours. Decoding the myth around Mains We commonly find that many aspirants fail to clear Mains stage even in multiple attempts while some always clear with consistency. There are certain common mistakes done by the former category. We always try to accumulate maximum knowledge and content. In that process, We undermine the importance of revising the notes. Also most, unfortunately, We neglect the significance of Answer Writing. In the examination hall, such a strategy will backfire as We neither recollect the acquired content nor know how to structure the answer within the word limit. Similarly, we find many failing to clear the Mains stage even after doing answer writing programmes. These are common scenario because the focus is on writing more and more answers but without any focus on improvement in answers. This is where Civils360’s MAINSURE programme stays ahead on its own. View Details For Enquiry and Admission Visit Enroll today with the best civils service academy and take your first step towards your Civils journey. Feel free to reach out to us for any inquiries, collaborations, or support. We’re here to help. join now
Indian Polity for UPSC Mains 2020
Indian Polity for UPSC Mains 2020 Trend of Indian Polity Content Upgradation & Current Affairs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M6WOCD9FvdY Enroll today with the best civils service academy and take your first step towards your Civils journey. Feel free to reach out to us for any inquiries, collaborations, or support. We’re here to help. JOIN NOW
